/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   LIGHT TOKENS  (default)
══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
:root {
  --bg:           #f8f9fc;
  --bg-2:         #eef1f6;
  --bg-3:         #e2e6ee;
  --surface:      #ffffff;
  --surface-2:    #f1f3f8;
  --border:       rgba(15,23,42,0.07);
  --border-2:     rgba(15,23,42,0.13);
  --text:         #0f172a;
  --text-muted:   #475569;
  --text-faint:   #94a3b8;
  --accent:       #4f46e5;
  --accent-2:     #4338ca;
  --accent-glow:  rgba(79,70,229,0.18);
  --teal:         #059669;
  --amber:        #b45309;
  --nav-blur-bg:  rgba(248,249,252,0.94);
  --hero-bg:      #eef2ff;
  --font-display: 'DM Serif Display', Georgia, serif;
  --font-body:    'DM Sans', system-ui, sans-serif;
  --radius-sm:    6px;
  --radius-md:    12px;
  --radius-lg:    20px;
  --radius-xl:    32px;
  --shadow-sm:    0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,.08);
  --shadow-md:    0 8px 32px rgba(0,0,0,.12);
  --shadow-lg:    0 20px 60px rgba(0,0,0,.15);
  --shadow-accent:0 0 40px var(--accent-glow);
  --transition:   0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4,0,0.2,1);
}

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   DARK TOKENS
══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
html.dark {
  --bg:           #0b1120;
  --bg-2:         #111827;
  --bg-3:         #1a2236;
  --surface:      #1e293b;
  --surface-2:    #2a3447;
  --border:       rgba(148,163,184,0.10);
  --border-2:     rgba(148,163,184,0.18);
  --text:         #e2e8f0;
  --text-muted:   #94a3b8;
  --text-faint:   #64748b;
  --accent:       #818cf8;
  --accent-2:     #a5b4fc;
  --accent-glow:  rgba(129,140,248,0.25);
  --teal:         #34d399;
  --amber:        #fbbf24;
  --nav-blur-bg:  rgba(11,17,32,0.92);
  --hero-bg:      #060a16;
  --shadow-sm:    0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,.4);
  --shadow-md:    0 8px 32px rgba(0,0,0,.5);
  --shadow-lg:    0 20px 60px rgba(0,0,0,.6);
  --shadow-accent:0 0 40px var(--accent-glow);
}

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   BASE
══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; scroll-padding-top: 72px; }

body {
  background-color: var(--bg);
  color: var(--text);
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 300;
  line-height: 1.75;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  overflow-x: hidden;
  transition: background-color var(--transition), color var(--transition);
}

h1,h2,h3,h4,h5 { font-family: var(--font-display); font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.2; color: var(--text); }
a { color: var(--accent); text-decoration: none; transition: color var(--transition); }
a:hover { color: var(--accent-2); }
strong { font-weight: 600; color: var(--text); }
img { max-width: 100%; }
::selection { background: var(--accent-glow); color: var(--text); }

::-webkit-scrollbar { width: 6px; }
::-webkit-scrollbar-track { background: var(--bg); }
::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background: var(--surface-2); border-radius: 3px; }
::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover { background: var(--accent); }

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   THEME TOGGLE BUTTON
══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
#themeToggle {
  width: 36px; height: 36px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-2);
  background: var(--surface);
  color: var(--text-muted);
  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: background var(--transition), color var(--transition), border-color var(--transition);
  flex-shrink: 0;
  padding: 0;
}
#themeToggle:hover {
  background: var(--surface-2);
  color: var(--accent);
  border-color: var(--accent);
}
/* Icon swap */
#themeToggle .icon-sun  { display: block; }
#themeToggle .icon-moon { display: none; }
html.dark #themeToggle .icon-sun  { display: none; }
html.dark #themeToggle .icon-moon { display: block; }

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   NAVBAR
   (no navbar-dark class — we own all nav colours)
══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
#mainNav {
  background: transparent;
  padding: 1.25rem 0;
  transition: background var(--transition), box-shadow var(--transition), padding var(--transition);
}
#mainNav.scrolled {
  background: var(--nav-blur-bg);
  backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
  box-shadow: 0 1px 0 var(--border);
  padding: 0.75rem 0;
}
.navbar-brand {
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px;
  color: var(--text) !important;
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}
.brand-initials {
  width: 36px; height: 36px;
  border-radius: 8px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent), var(--accent-2));
  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  font-size: 13px; font-weight: 700; color: #fff;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}
.brand-name { font-size: 0.95rem; }

/* Nav links — scoped to our navbar only */
#mainNav .nav-link {
  color: var(--text-muted) !important;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  font-weight: 400;
  padding: 0.4rem 0.75rem !important;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  transition: color var(--transition), background var(--transition);
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}
#mainNav .nav-link:hover,
#mainNav .nav-link.active {
  color: var(--text) !important;
  background: var(--surface);
}
/* Dropdown menu (theme-aware) */
#mainNav .nav-link.dropdown-toggle::after {
  margin-left: 0.45em; vertical-align: 0.12em;
}
#mainNav .dropdown-menu {
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-2);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
  padding: 0.4rem;
  margin-top: 0.5rem;
  min-width: 200px;
}
#mainNav .dropdown-item {
  color: var(--text) !important;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 400;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  padding: 0.45rem 0.75rem;
  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 0.5rem;
  transition: background var(--transition), color var(--transition);
}
#mainNav .dropdown-item:hover,
#mainNav .dropdown-item:focus {
  background: var(--surface-2);
  color: var(--accent) !important;
}
#mainNav .dropdown-item i { color: var(--text-faint); font-size: 0.78rem; }
#mainNav .dropdown-item:hover i { color: var(--accent); }
@media (max-width: 991.98px) {
  #mainNav .dropdown-menu {
    background: transparent;
    border: 0; box-shadow: none; padding: 0; margin-top: 0;
  }
  #mainNav .dropdown-item { padding-left: 1.5rem; }
}

/* Toggler icon colour without navbar-dark */
.navbar-toggler {
  border-color: var(--border-2);
}
.navbar-toggler-icon {
  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 30 30'%3e%3cpath stroke='rgba(232,234,240,0.8)' stroke-width='2' d='M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22'/%3e%3c/svg%3e");
}
html:not(.dark) .navbar-toggler-icon {
  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 30 30'%3e%3cpath stroke='rgba(15,21,35,0.75)' stroke-width='2' d='M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22'/%3e%3c/svg%3e");
}

/* Mobile collapse panel — give it a readable background so it doesn't
   inherit the transparent navbar over the hero in light mode. */
@media (max-width: 991.98px) {
  #mainNav .navbar-collapse {
    margin-top: 0.75rem;
    padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
    background: var(--surface);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-2);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
  }
  #mainNav .navbar-nav { gap: 0.25rem; }
  #mainNav .nav-link { padding: 0.6rem 0.85rem !important; }
  /* When the menu is open, give the navbar bar itself a solid backdrop too */
  #mainNav:has(.navbar-collapse.show) {
    background: var(--nav-blur-bg);
    backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
  }
}

.btn-outline-accent {
  border: 1px solid var(--border-2);
  color: var(--text) !important;
  background: transparent;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  padding: 0.35rem 0.9rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  transition: all var(--transition);
}
.btn-outline-accent:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent);
  color: var(--accent) !important;
  background: var(--accent-glow);
}

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   HERO
══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.hero-section {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 100vh;

  background: var(--hero-bg);
  overflow: hidden;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  transition: background var(--transition);
}
@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .hero-section { max-height: 105vh; }
  .hero-section .row.min-vh-100 { min-height: 0; }
}
#rfCanvas {
  position: absolute; inset: 0;
  width: 100%; height: 100%;
  pointer-events: none; z-index: 1;
}
.hero-content { position: relative; z-index: 2; }
.hero-text { padding-top: 80px; padding-bottom: 40px; animation: fadeUp 0.9s ease both; }

.hero-eyebrow {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px;
  font-size: 0.8rem; font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--teal);
  letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  background: rgba(52,211,153,0.1);
  border: 1px solid rgba(52,211,153,0.22);
  padding: 6px 14px; border-radius: 100px;
}
.hero-eyebrow .dot {
  width: 7px; height: 7px; border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--teal); animation: pulse 2s infinite;
}
.hero-headline {
  font-family: 'Saira Condensed', sans-serif;
  font-size: clamp(3.2rem, 8vw, 6.2rem);
  font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.0;
  margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em; text-transform: uppercase;
}
.hero-headline em { font-style: normal; color: var(--accent); }
.hero-headline { margin-bottom: 0.4rem; }
.hero-subtitle {
  font-family: 'Saira Condensed', sans-serif;
  font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.6vw, 1.25rem);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent);
  margin: 0 0 1.25rem;
}
.hero-tagline {
  font-size: 1rem; color: var(--text-muted);
  font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.55;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem; max-width: none;
}
.hero-tagline strong { color: var(--text); font-weight: 500; }
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .hero-tagline {
    white-space: nowrap;
    letter-spacing: -0.005em;
  }
}

.hero-intro-box {
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-2);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--accent);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  padding: 1.1rem 1.35rem;
  margin-bottom: 2rem; max-width: 100%;
  backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
  transition: background var(--transition), border-color var(--transition);
}
.hero-intro-box p {
  font-size: 0.95rem; color: var(--text-muted);
  line-height: 1.7; margin: 0; font-weight: 300;
}
.hero-intro-box p strong { color: var(--accent); font-weight: 500; }

.hero-stats { max-width: 520px; }
.stat-num {
  font-family: 'Saira Condensed', sans-serif;
  font-size: 2.4rem; font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text); line-height: 1;
}
.stat-label {
  font-size: 0.72rem; color: var(--text-faint);
  text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.06em; margin-top: 4px;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.btn-primary-accent {
  background: var(--accent); color: #fff !important;
  border: none; padding: 0.75rem 1.75rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-md); font-size: 0.9rem; font-weight: 500;
  transition: all var(--transition);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 20px var(--accent-glow);
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center;
}
.btn-primary-accent:hover {
  background: var(--accent-2); transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 32px var(--accent-glow); color: #fff !important;
}
.btn-ghost {
  background: var(--surface); color: var(--text) !important;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-2); padding: 0.75rem 1.75rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-md); font-size: 0.9rem; font-weight: 400;
  transition: all var(--transition); display: inline-flex; align-items: center;
}
.btn-ghost:hover { background: var(--surface-2); border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--accent) !important; }

/* Portrait — 288px = 240px × 1.2 (+20%) */
.hero-portrait-col {
  padding-top: 80px; display: flex;
  justify-content: center; animation: fadeUp 0.9s 0.15s ease both;
}
.hero-portrait-wrapper {
  position: relative; display: flex;
  flex-direction: column; align-items: center; gap: 1rem;
}
.hero-portrait-ring {
  position: relative;
  width: 400px; height: 400px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}
.hero-portrait-ring::before {
  content: ''; position: absolute; inset: -6px; border-radius: 50%;
  background: conic-gradient(var(--accent) 0deg, var(--teal) 120deg, var(--accent) 240deg, transparent 300deg, var(--accent) 360deg);
  animation: spinRing 8s linear infinite; z-index: 0;
}
.hero-portrait-ring::after {
  content: ''; position: absolute; inset: -3px; border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--hero-bg); z-index: 1;
  transition: background var(--transition);
}
/* Pulsing colored aura around the portrait — soft halo that breathes */
.hero-portrait { animation: heroAura 3.6s ease-in-out infinite; }
@keyframes heroAura {
  0%, 100% {
    box-shadow:
      0 0 24px 2px rgba(129,140,248,0.28),
      0 0 48px 8px rgba(129,140,248,0.14);
  }
  50% {
    box-shadow:
      0 0 36px 8px rgba(129,140,248,0.55),
      0 0 80px 24px rgba(129,140,248,0.28);
  }
}
html:not(.dark) .hero-portrait { animation-name: heroAuraLight; }
@keyframes heroAuraLight {
  0%, 100% {
    box-shadow:
      0 0 24px 2px rgba(79,70,229,0.20),
      0 0 48px 8px rgba(79,70,229,0.10);
  }
  50% {
    box-shadow:
      0 0 36px 8px rgba(79,70,229,0.40),
      0 0 80px 24px rgba(79,70,229,0.20);
  }
}
.hero-portrait {
  position: relative; z-index: 2;
  width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; border-radius: 50%;
  border: 2px solid rgba(129,140,248,0.3);
  box-shadow: 0 0 40px rgba(129,140,248,0.2), var(--shadow-lg);
}
.portrait-badge {
  background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--border-2);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md); padding: 8px 14px;
  font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 500; color: var(--amber);
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 7px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md); backdrop-filter: blur(8px); white-space: nowrap;
  transition: background var(--transition);
}
.portrait-badge i { font-size: 0.95rem; }

/* Location pin — sits on top-right of the portrait ring */
.portrait-location {
  position: absolute;
  top: 6%; right: -8%;
  z-index: 4;
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px;
  padding: 7px 12px 7px 9px;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-2);
  border-radius: 100px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  white-space: nowrap;
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  animation: locFloat 4.5s ease-in-out infinite;
  transition: background var(--transition), border-color var(--transition), transform var(--transition);
}
.portrait-location:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); border-color: var(--accent); }
.portrait-location > i {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--accent);
  filter: drop-shadow(0 0 6px var(--accent-glow));
}
.portrait-location .loc-text {
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; line-height: 1.05;
}
.portrait-location .loc-city {
  font-size: 0.8rem; font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text); letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}
.portrait-location .loc-country {
  font-size: 0.62rem; font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  margin-top: 2px;
}
@keyframes locFloat {
  0%, 100% { transform: translateY(0); }
  50%      { transform: translateY(-3px); }
}
@media (max-width: 991px) {
  .portrait-location {
    top: 4%; right: -4%;
    padding: 6px 10px 6px 8px;
  }
  .portrait-location .loc-city   { font-size: 0.72rem; }
  .portrait-location .loc-country{ font-size: 0.55rem; letter-spacing: 0.1em; }
  .portrait-location > i { font-size: 0.85rem; }
}

.scroll-indicator {
  position: absolute; bottom: 2rem; left: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%); color: var(--text-faint);
  font-size: 1.5rem; animation: bounce 2s infinite; z-index: 2;
}
@keyframes spinRing { from { transform: rotate(0deg); } to { transform: rotate(360deg); } }

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   SECTIONS — SHARED
══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
section { padding: 6rem 0; transition: background var(--transition); }
.section-label {
  display: inline-block; font-size: 0.72rem; font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em; text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent);
  background: rgba(129,140,248,0.10); border: 1px solid rgba(129,140,248,0.22);
  padding: 4px 12px; border-radius: 100px; margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.section-title { font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3rem); letter-spacing: -0.02em; }
.section-title em { font-style: italic; color: var(--accent); }
.section-sub { color: var(--text-muted); font-size: 1rem; max-width: 560px; margin: 0.75rem auto 0; }

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   ABOUT
══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.section-about { background: var(--bg-2); border-top: 1px solid var(--border); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); }
.about-image-stack { position: relative; padding-bottom: 2rem; }
.about-img-main { width: 100%; border-radius: var(--radius-lg); aspect-ratio: 4/5; object-fit: cover; box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg); border: 1px solid var(--border); }
.about-img-secondary { position: absolute; width: 48%; bottom: 0; right: -5%; border-radius: var(--radius-md); aspect-ratio: 1; object-fit: cover; border: 3px solid var(--bg-2); box-shadow: var(--shadow-md); }
.about-quote-block { position: absolute; top: 2rem; right: -5%; background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--border-2); border-radius: var(--radius-md); padding: 1rem 1.25rem; max-width: 220px; box-shadow: var(--shadow-md); transition: background var(--transition); }
.about-quote-block i { color: var(--accent); font-size: 1.25rem; display: block; margin-bottom: 0.5rem; }
.about-quote-block p { font-size: 0.78rem; color: var(--text-muted); line-height: 1.5; margin: 0 0 0.5rem; font-style: italic; }
.about-quote-block span { font-size: 0.7rem; color: var(--text-faint); letter-spacing: 0.05em; }
.about-lead { font-size: 1.1rem; color: var(--text); font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.8; margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.skills-heading { font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: 0.72rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--text-faint); margin-bottom: 0.5rem; }
.skill-tag { background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--border-2); color: var(--text-muted); font-size: 0.78rem; padding: 4px 12px; border-radius: 100px; transition: all var(--transition); cursor: default; }
.skill-tag:hover { border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--accent); background: var(--accent-glow); }
.edu-item { margin-bottom: 0.75rem; }
.edu-degree { font-size: 0.9rem; font-weight: 500; color: var(--text); }
.edu-thesis { font-size: 0.8rem; color: var(--text-muted); }

/* About — left column (quote + stat tiles) */
.about-aside { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 1.5rem; height: 100%; }
.about-quote-card {
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-2);
  border-left: 4px solid var(--accent);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: 1.75rem 1.75rem 1.5rem;
  position: relative;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.about-quote-mark {
  font-size: 2.5rem; line-height: 1;
  color: var(--accent); opacity: 0.4;
  display: block; margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
}
.about-quote {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 1.15rem; line-height: 1.55;
  color: var(--text); font-style: italic;
  margin: 0 0 1rem; padding: 0; border: 0;
}
.about-quote-by {
  font-size: 0.78rem; color: var(--text-muted);
  letter-spacing: 0.06em; font-style: normal;
}
.about-stats-grid { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 0.75rem; }
.about-stat {
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 1rem;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  padding: 0.85rem 1.1rem;
  transition: border-color var(--transition), transform var(--transition);
}
.about-stat:hover { border-color: var(--accent); transform: translateX(2px); }
.about-stat > i {
  font-size: 1.4rem; color: var(--accent); flex-shrink: 0;
  width: 38px; height: 38px;
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  background: var(--accent-glow); border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
}
.about-stat-num {
  font-family: 'Saira Condensed', sans-serif;
  font-size: 1.05rem; font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text); line-height: 1.1;
}
.about-stat-label { font-size: 0.74rem; color: var(--text-muted); margin-top: 2px; }

/* LinkedIn-flavoured CTA button */
.btn-linkedin {
  background: #0a66c2; color: #ffffff !important;
  border: 1px solid #0a66c2;
  padding: 0.65rem 1.4rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-md); font-size: 0.88rem; font-weight: 500;
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center;
  transition: background var(--transition), transform var(--transition), box-shadow var(--transition);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(10,102,194,0.25);
}
.btn-linkedin:hover {
  background: #084e96; border-color: #084e96;
  transform: translateY(-1px);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 22px rgba(10,102,194,0.35);
  color: #ffffff !important;
}

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   PROJECTS
══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.section-projects { background: var(--bg); }
.section-standards { background: var(--bg-2); padding: 6rem 0; position: relative; overflow: hidden; }
.section-standards > .container { position: relative; z-index: 1; }
.section-standards::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute; inset: 0; pointer-events: none; z-index: 0;
  background-image:
    radial-gradient(ellipse 50% 40% at 100% 0%, var(--accent-glow), transparent 60%),
    radial-gradient(ellipse 45% 35% at 0% 100%, rgba(5,150,105,0.08), transparent 60%);
}
.standards-carousel {
  max-width: 830px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: visible;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  background: var(--surface);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}
.standards-carousel .carousel-inner { border-radius: var(--radius-lg); overflow: hidden; }
.standards-carousel .carousel-inner { background: #000; }
.standards-slide {
  position: relative; margin: 0;
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.standards-slide img {
  width: 100%; height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center;
  display: block;
  background: #000;
}
.standards-caption {
  position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0;
  padding: 2rem 1.5rem 1.25rem;
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px;
  color: #fff;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(0,0,0,0) 0%, rgba(0,0,0,0.82) 100%);
  pointer-events: none;
}
.standards-caption-title {
  font-family: 'Saira Condensed', sans-serif;
  font-size: 1.25rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  text-shadow: 0 1px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.6);
}
.standards-caption-venue {
  font-size: 0.78rem; letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase;
  opacity: 0.9;
}
.standards-carousel .carousel-control-prev,
.standards-carousel .carousel-control-next {
  width: auto;
  top: 50%;
  bottom: auto;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  opacity: 1;
  transition: transform var(--transition);
}
.standards-carousel .carousel-control-prev { left: -28px; }
.standards-carousel .carousel-control-next { right: -28px; }
.standards-carousel .carousel-control-prev:hover { transform: translateY(-50%) translateX(-3px); }
.standards-carousel .carousel-control-next:hover { transform: translateY(-50%) translateX(3px); }
.standards-carousel .carousel-control-prev-icon,
.standards-carousel .carousel-control-next-icon {
  width: 3.25rem; height: 3.25rem;
  background-color: var(--accent);
  border-radius: 50%;
  background-size: 45% 45%;
  box-shadow: 0 6px 20px var(--accent-glow), 0 0 0 4px var(--surface);
  transition: background-color var(--transition), box-shadow var(--transition);
}
.standards-carousel .carousel-control-prev:hover .carousel-control-prev-icon,
.standards-carousel .carousel-control-next:hover .carousel-control-next-icon {
  box-shadow: 0 8px 28px var(--accent-glow), 0 0 0 4px var(--surface);
}
@media (max-width: 575.98px) {
  .standards-carousel { max-width: 100%; }
  .standards-carousel .carousel-control-prev { left: 8px; }
  .standards-carousel .carousel-control-next { right: 8px; }
  .standards-carousel .carousel-control-prev-icon,
  .standards-carousel .carousel-control-next-icon { width: 2.5rem; height: 2.5rem; }
}
.standards-carousel .carousel-indicators {
  margin-bottom: 0.6rem;
}
.standards-carousel .carousel-indicators [data-bs-target] {
  width: 28px; height: 4px; border-radius: 2px;
  border: none;
  background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.55);
  opacity: 1;
  transition: background-color var(--transition), width var(--transition);
}
.standards-carousel .carousel-indicators .active {
  background-color: var(--accent);
  width: 44px;
}
@media (max-width: 575.98px) {
  .standards-slide { aspect-ratio: 4 / 3; }
  .standards-caption-title { font-size: 1rem; }
  .standards-caption-venue { font-size: 0.7rem; }
}
.project-card { background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: var(--radius-lg); overflow: hidden; height: 100%; display: flex; flex-direction: column; transition: transform var(--transition), box-shadow var(--transition), border-color var(--transition), background var(--transition); }
.project-card:hover { transform: translateY(-4px); border-color: var(--border-2); box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg); }
.project-img-wrap { position: relative; overflow: hidden; }
.project-img-wrap img { width: 100%; height: 210px; object-fit: cover; transition: transform 0.5s ease; display: block; }
.project-card:hover .project-img-wrap img { transform: scale(1.05); }
.project-year { position: absolute; top: 12px; right: 12px; background: rgba(13,15,20,0.85); border: 1px solid var(--border-2); color: var(--text-muted); font-size: 0.72rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.08em; padding: 3px 9px; border-radius: 100px; backdrop-filter: blur(8px); }
.project-body { padding: 1.25rem 1.25rem 1.5rem; display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex: 1; }
.project-tags { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px; }
.ptag { background: rgba(129,140,248,0.12); color: var(--accent); border: 1px solid rgba(129,140,248,0.24); font-size: 0.72rem; padding: 2px 9px; border-radius: 100px; font-weight: 500; }
.ptag.sm { font-size: 0.68rem; padding: 1px 8px; }
.project-title { font-size: 1rem; margin: 0.6rem 0 0.5rem; line-height: 1.4; font-family: var(--font-body); font-weight: 600; color: var(--text); }
.project-desc { font-size: 0.83rem; color: var(--text-muted); line-height: 1.65; flex: 1; margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.project-link { font-size: 0.8rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--accent); display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 5px; transition: gap var(--transition); margin-top: auto; }
.project-link:hover { gap: 10px; color: var(--accent-2); }

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   PUBLICATIONS
══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.section-publications { background: var(--bg-2); border-top: 1px solid var(--border); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); }
.pub-filter { background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--border); color: var(--text-muted); font-size: 0.8rem; padding: 6px 18px; border-radius: 100px; cursor: pointer; transition: all var(--transition); }
.pub-filter:hover { border-color: var(--border-2); color: var(--text); }
.pub-filter.active { background: var(--accent); border-color: var(--accent); color: #fff; }
.pub-list { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 0.75rem; }
.pub-item { background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: var(--radius-md); padding: 1.25rem 1.5rem; display: flex; gap: 1rem; align-items: flex-start; transition: border-color var(--transition), box-shadow var(--transition), background var(--transition); }
.pub-item:hover { border-color: var(--border-2); box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); }
.pub-item.hidden { display: none; }
.pub-type-badge { flex-shrink: 0; font-size: 0.65rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.1em; text-transform: uppercase; padding: 4px 10px; border-radius: var(--radius-sm); margin-top: 3px; min-width: 80px; text-align: center; }
.pub-type-badge.journal    { background: rgba(129,140,248,0.16); color: var(--accent); }
.pub-type-badge.conference { background: rgba(52,211,153,0.16);  color: var(--teal); }
.pub-type-badge.workshop   { background: rgba(251,191,36,0.16);  color: var(--amber); }
.pub-content { flex: 1; min-width: 0; }
.pub-title { font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: 0.92rem; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.5; color: var(--text); margin-bottom: 0.35rem; }
.pub-meta { font-size: 0.78rem; color: var(--text-muted); line-height: 1.6; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: 4px; }
.pub-dot { color: var(--text-faint); }
.pub-venue { font-style: italic; }
.pub-year { font-weight: 600; color: var(--text); }
.pub-actions { flex-shrink: 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-end; gap: 0.5rem; }
.pub-citations { font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--text-faint); display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 4px; white-space: nowrap; }
.btn-pub-link { background: var(--bg-3); color: var(--text-muted) !important; border: 1px solid var(--border); font-size: 0.72rem; padding: 4px 10px; border-radius: var(--radius-sm); transition: all var(--transition); white-space: nowrap; }
.btn-pub-link:hover { border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--accent) !important; }

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   PATENTS
══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.section-patents { background: var(--bg); }
.patent-card { background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--border-2); border-radius: var(--radius-lg); padding: 1.75rem 1.6rem 1.25rem; transition: transform var(--transition), border-color var(--transition), box-shadow var(--transition), background var(--transition); position: relative; overflow: hidden; cursor: pointer; user-select: none; }
.patent-card::before { content: ''; position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 4px; height: 100%; background: var(--accent); }
.patent-card.granted::before { background: var(--teal); }
.patent-card.pending::before { background: var(--amber); }
.patent-card:hover { transform: translateY(-4px); border-color: var(--accent); box-shadow: var(--shadow-md); }
.patent-card:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 2px; }
.patent-card.is-open { border-color: var(--accent); box-shadow: var(--shadow-md); }
.patent-card > * { position: relative; z-index: 1; }
.patent-header { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; gap: 0.75rem; margin-bottom: 0.25rem; }
.patent-subtitle {
  font-size: 0.72rem; font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-family: 'Courier New', monospace;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.patent-toggle-icon { font-size: 1.05rem; color: var(--text-faint); transition: transform 0.35s cubic-bezier(0.4,0,0.2,1), color var(--transition); flex-shrink: 0; }
.patent-show-more-icon,
.pub-show-more-icon { transition: transform 0.3s ease; }
.patent-show-more.is-expanded .patent-show-more-icon,
.pub-show-more.is-expanded .pub-show-more-icon { transform: rotate(180deg); }
.patent-card:hover .patent-toggle-icon { color: var(--accent); }
.patent-card.is-open .patent-toggle-icon { transform: rotate(180deg); color: var(--accent); }
.patent-title {
  font-family: 'Saira Condensed', sans-serif;
  font-size: 1.2rem; font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.3;
  letter-spacing: 0.005em;
  color: var(--text);
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.patent-collapse { display: grid; grid-template-rows: 0fr; transition: grid-template-rows 0.35s cubic-bezier(0.4,0,0.2,1); }
.patent-collapse-inner { overflow: hidden; min-height: 0; }
.patent-card.is-open .patent-collapse { grid-template-rows: 1fr; }
.patent-abstract { font-size: 0.82rem; color: var(--text-muted); line-height: 1.7; margin: 0.75rem 0 1rem; }
.patent-cta-hint { font-size: 0.7rem; color: var(--text-faint); letter-spacing: 0.06em; text-transform: uppercase; margin-top: 0.85rem; opacity: 0.7; transition: opacity var(--transition), color var(--transition); }
.patent-card:hover .patent-cta-hint { opacity: 1; color: var(--accent); }
.patent-cta-hint .hint-text-expanded { display: none; }
.patent-card.is-open .patent-cta-hint .hint-text-collapsed { display: none; }
.patent-card.is-open .patent-cta-hint .hint-text-expanded { display: inline; }
.patent-meta { font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--text-faint); display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 3px; border-top: 1px solid var(--border); padding-top: 0.75rem; }
.patent-meta strong { color: var(--text-muted); }
.patent-meta code { font-size: 0.72rem; color: var(--accent); background: transparent; }

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   CONTACT
══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.section-contact { background: var(--bg-2); border-top: 1px solid var(--border); }
.contact-body { color: var(--text-muted); font-size: 1.05rem; line-height: 1.8; }
.contact-card { display: block; background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: var(--radius-lg); padding: 1.5rem 1.25rem; text-align: center; transition: all var(--transition); color: var(--text) !important; }
.contact-card:hover { border-color: var(--accent); background: var(--surface-2); transform: translateY(-3px); box-shadow: var(--shadow-md); color: var(--text) !important; }
.contact-icon { display: block; font-size: 1.75rem; color: var(--accent); margin-bottom: 0.75rem; }
.contact-card-label { font-size: 0.7rem; font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.1em; color: var(--text-faint); margin-bottom: 0.3rem; }
.contact-card-value { font-size: 0.85rem; color: var(--text-muted); }

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   FOOTER
══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.site-footer { background: var(--bg); border-top: 1px solid var(--border); padding: 2rem 0; transition: background var(--transition); }
.footer-copy { font-size: 0.8rem; color: var(--text-faint); }
.footer-copy a { color: var(--text-muted); }
.footer-copy a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.social-links { display: flex; gap: 0.75rem; align-items: center; }
.social-links a { width: 34px; height: 34px; border-radius: var(--radius-sm); background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--border); display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; color: var(--text-muted) !important; font-size: 0.9rem; transition: all var(--transition); }
.social-links a:hover { background: var(--surface-2); border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--accent) !important; }

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   ANIMATIONS
══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
@keyframes fadeUp  { from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(24px); } to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); } }
@keyframes pulse   { 0%,100% { opacity: 1; transform: scale(1); } 50% { opacity: 0.6; transform: scale(0.85); } }
@keyframes bounce  { 0%,100% { transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(0); } 50% { transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(8px); } }

.reveal { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(30px); transition: opacity 0.7s ease, transform 0.7s ease; }
.reveal.visible { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   LIGHT MODE — section-specific overrides
   (Token swaps via :root / html.dark vars handle most things;
    these fix hardcoded rgba values that don't use vars)
══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
html:not(.dark) .section-label {
  background: rgba(79,70,229,0.10);
  border-color: rgba(79,70,229,0.22);
}
html:not(.dark) .hero-eyebrow {
  background: rgba(5,150,105,0.10);
  border-color: rgba(5,150,105,0.25);
  color: var(--teal);
}
html:not(.dark) .pub-type-badge.journal    { background: rgba(79,70,229,0.12); }
html:not(.dark) .pub-type-badge.conference { background: rgba(5,150,105,0.12); }
html:not(.dark) .ptag {
  background: rgba(79,70,229,0.08);
  border-color: rgba(79,70,229,0.20);
}
html:not(.dark) .project-year {
  background: rgba(248,249,252,0.95);
}
html:not(.dark) .patent-status.granted { background: rgba(5,150,105,0.12); }
html:not(.dark) .patent-status.pending { background: rgba(180,83,9,0.12); }

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   EXPERIENCE
══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.section-experience { padding: 6rem 0; }
.exp-list { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 1.25rem; }
.exp-aside-summary { position: sticky; top: 100px; }
@media (max-width: 991.98px) { .exp-aside-summary { position: static; } }
.exp-item {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 200px 1fr;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-2);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--accent);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  padding: 0.95rem 1.4rem;
  cursor: pointer;
  user-select: none;
  transition: border-color var(--transition), transform var(--transition), box-shadow var(--transition);
}
.exp-item:hover { border-left-color: var(--teal); transform: translateX(2px); box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); }
.exp-item:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 2px; }
.exp-item.is-open { border-left-color: var(--teal); box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); }
.exp-aside { display: flex; flex-direction: row; align-items: center; gap: 0.85rem; }
.exp-when { display: flex; flex-direction: column; min-width: 0; }
.exp-range {
  font-family: 'Saira Condensed', sans-serif;
  font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  color: var(--accent); font-size: 0.9rem;
  line-height: 1.2;
}
.exp-country { font-size: 0.7rem; color: var(--text-faint); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.06em; text-transform: uppercase; line-height: 1.3; }
.exp-logo {
  flex-shrink: 0;
  width: 42px; height: 42px;
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  background: var(--surface-2);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-2);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  overflow: hidden;
}
.exp-logo img { width: 24px; height: 24px; object-fit: contain; }
.exp-logo i { font-size: 1.15rem; color: var(--text-faint); }
html.dark .exp-logo { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.94); border-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.18); }
.exp-body { min-width: 0; }
.exp-role-row {
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center;
  gap: 1rem;
}
.exp-role { font-family: 'Saira Condensed', sans-serif; font-size: 1.1rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.01em; margin: 0; color: var(--text); line-height: 1.3; }
.exp-company { font-size: 0.82rem; color: var(--text-muted); font-weight: 500; margin-top: 1px; }
.exp-toggle-icon {
  flex-shrink: 0;
  font-size: 1.05rem; color: var(--text-faint);
  transition: transform 0.35s cubic-bezier(0.4,0,0.2,1), color var(--transition);
}
.exp-item:hover .exp-toggle-icon { color: var(--accent); }
.exp-item.is-open .exp-toggle-icon { transform: rotate(180deg); color: var(--accent); }
.exp-collapse {
  display: grid; grid-template-rows: 0fr;
  transition: grid-template-rows 0.35s cubic-bezier(0.4,0,0.2,1);
}
.exp-collapse-inner { overflow: hidden; min-height: 0; }
.exp-item.is-open .exp-collapse { grid-template-rows: 1fr; }
.exp-item.is-open .exp-summary { margin-top: 0.85rem; }
.exp-website-btn {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px;
  background: var(--accent-glow);
  border: 1px solid var(--accent);
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 0.78rem; font-weight: 600;
  padding: 0.35rem 0.75rem;
  border-radius: 100px;
  white-space: nowrap;
  transition: background var(--transition), color var(--transition), transform var(--transition);
}
.exp-website-btn:hover { background: var(--accent); color: #fff !important; transform: translateY(-1px); }
.exp-website-btn .bi-arrow-up-right { font-size: 0.75rem; }
.exp-summary { font-size: 0.88rem; color: var(--text-muted); line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 0.5rem; }
.exp-keywords { font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--text-faint); font-style: italic; }
.exp-keywords i { margin-right: 4px; color: var(--accent); }
@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .exp-item { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 0.75rem; padding: 0.85rem 1rem; }
}

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   SKILLS
══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.section-skills {
  padding: 6rem 0;
  background: var(--bg-2);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}
.skill-group {
  --tone:      var(--accent);
  --tone-bg:   rgba(79,70,229,0.10);
  --tone-soft: rgba(79,70,229,0.25);

  position: relative;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-2);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: 1.5rem 1.4rem 1.5rem;
  height: 100%;
  overflow: hidden;
  isolation: isolate;
  transition: border-color var(--transition), transform var(--transition), box-shadow var(--transition);
}
.skill-group::before {
  /* coloured top accent stripe */
  content: '';
  position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; height: 3px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--tone), transparent 75%);
  opacity: 0.95;
  z-index: 1;
}
.skill-group:hover {
  border-color: var(--tone);
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.skill-card-head {
  position: relative; z-index: 2;
  display: flex; align-items: flex-start; gap: 0.85rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.1rem;
}
.skill-icon {
  flex-shrink: 0;
  width: 46px; height: 46px;
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  background: var(--tone-bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--tone-soft);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  color: var(--tone);
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 14px var(--tone-bg);
}
.skill-grouping {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-transform: none;
  color: var(--text);
  margin: 4px 0 0;
  line-height: 1.3;
}
.skill-tags {
  position: relative; z-index: 2;
  display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.4rem;
}

/* Per-grouping accent palettes */
.skill-tone-blue {
  --tone: #4f46e5;
  --tone-bg: rgba(79,70,229,0.10);
  --tone-soft: rgba(79,70,229,0.28);
}
.skill-tone-teal {
  --tone: #059669;
  --tone-bg: rgba(5,150,105,0.10);
  --tone-soft: rgba(5,150,105,0.28);
}
.skill-tone-amber {
  --tone: #d97706;
  --tone-bg: rgba(217,119,6,0.10);
  --tone-soft: rgba(217,119,6,0.28);
}
.skill-tone-violet {
  --tone: #7c3aed;
  --tone-bg: rgba(124,58,237,0.10);
  --tone-soft: rgba(124,58,237,0.28);
}
.skill-tone-rose {
  --tone: #db2777;
  --tone-bg: rgba(219,39,119,0.10);
  --tone-soft: rgba(219,39,119,0.28);
}
html.dark .skill-tone-blue   { --tone: #818cf8; --tone-bg: rgba(129,140,248,0.14); --tone-soft: rgba(129,140,248,0.35); }
html.dark .skill-tone-teal   { --tone: #34d399; --tone-bg: rgba(52,211,153,0.14);  --tone-soft: rgba(52,211,153,0.35); }
html.dark .skill-tone-amber  { --tone: #fbbf24; --tone-bg: rgba(251,191,36,0.14);  --tone-soft: rgba(251,191,36,0.35); }
html.dark .skill-tone-violet { --tone: #a78bfa; --tone-bg: rgba(167,139,250,0.14); --tone-soft: rgba(167,139,250,0.35); }
html.dark .skill-tone-rose   { --tone: #f472b6; --tone-bg: rgba(244,114,182,0.14); --tone-soft: rgba(244,114,182,0.35); }

/* Tag chips inside skill cards adopt the card's tone */
.skill-group .ptag {
  background: var(--tone-bg);
  border-color: var(--tone-soft);
  color: var(--text);
  transition: background var(--transition), border-color var(--transition), color var(--transition);
}
.skill-group .ptag:hover {
  background: var(--tone-soft);
  border-color: var(--tone);
  color: var(--tone);
}

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   AWARDS
══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.section-awards { padding: 6rem 0; }
.awards-subhead {
  font-family: 'Saira Condensed', sans-serif;
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text);
  margin: 1rem 0 1.25rem;
  padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-2);
}
.award-card {
  display: flex;
  gap: 1rem;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-2);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  padding: 1.1rem 1.25rem;
  height: 100%;
  transition: border-color var(--transition), transform var(--transition);
}
.award-card:hover { border-color: var(--accent); transform: translateY(-2px); }
.award-icon {
  width: 44px; height: 44px;
  object-fit: contain;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  background: var(--bg-2);
  padding: 4px;
}
.award-year {
  font-family: 'Saira Condensed', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  color: var(--accent);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}
.award-name {
  font-family: 'Saira Condensed', sans-serif;
  font-size: 1.15rem; font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  color: var(--text);
  margin: 0 0 0.45rem;
  line-height: 1.3;
}
.award-desc { font-size: 0.82rem; color: var(--text-muted); line-height: 1.65; margin: 0 0 0.85rem; }
.award-more-btn {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px;
  font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--accent);
  background: var(--accent-glow);
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  padding: 0.35rem 0.75rem;
  border-radius: 100px;
  transition: background var(--transition), border-color var(--transition), transform var(--transition), color var(--transition);
}
.award-more-btn:hover {
  background: var(--accent);
  color: #fff !important;
  transform: translateY(-1px);
  border-color: var(--accent);
}
.award-more-btn .bi-arrow-up-right { font-size: 0.7rem; }

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   PROJECT CARD — TEXT-ONLY VARIANT (no image)
══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.project-card-text .project-body { padding: 1.25rem 1.4rem 1.4rem; }
.project-card-text { cursor: pointer; user-select: none; }
.project-card-text:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 3px; }
.project-title-row {
  display: flex; align-items: flex-start; justify-content: space-between; gap: 0.75rem;
}
.project-title-row .project-title { margin: 0; flex: 1; }
.project-toggle-icon {
  font-size: 1rem; color: var(--text-faint); flex-shrink: 0;
  transition: transform 0.3s ease, color var(--transition);
  margin-top: 0.15rem;
}
.project-card-text:hover .project-toggle-icon { color: var(--accent); }
.project-card-text.is-open .project-toggle-icon { transform: rotate(180deg); color: var(--accent); }
.project-collapse { display: grid; grid-template-rows: 0fr; transition: grid-template-rows 0.35s cubic-bezier(0.4,0,0.2,1); }
.project-collapse-inner { overflow: hidden; min-height: 0; }
.project-card-text.is-open .project-collapse { grid-template-rows: 1fr; }
.project-year-row {
  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between;
  font-size: 0.72rem; letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-faint); margin: 0.75rem 0 0.6rem;
}
.project-year-inline { color: var(--accent); font-weight: 600; }
.project-org { font-style: italic; }
.project-card-text .project-tags { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 4px; margin-top: 0.75rem; }

/* Tool icon chips (replaces text pills in project cards) */
.project-tools {
  display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px;
  margin-top: auto; padding-top: 1rem;
}
.tool-chip {
  width: 44px; height: 44px;
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-2);
  border-radius: 10px;
  cursor: default;
  transition: transform var(--transition), border-color var(--transition), box-shadow var(--transition), background var(--transition);
}
.tool-chip:hover {
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  border-color: var(--accent);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 18px var(--accent-glow);
}
.tool-chip img {
  width: 26px; height: 26px;
  object-fit: contain;
  display: block;
}
.tool-chip-text {
  font-family: 'Saira Condensed', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.85rem; font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}
.tool-chip-text:hover { color: var(--accent); }
/* Dark mode: white-ish chip backdrop so brand-coloured logos
   (Linux, Bash, Docker, etc.) stay visible against the dark card. */
html.dark .tool-chip {
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.94);
  border-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.18);
}
html.dark .tool-chip-text { color: var(--text-faint); background: var(--surface); }
html.dark .tool-chip-text:hover { color: var(--accent); }

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   PUB TYPE — book chapter
══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.pub-type-badge.book { background: rgba(251,191,36,0.16); color: var(--amber); }
html:not(.dark) .pub-type-badge.book { background: rgba(180,83,9,0.12); }

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   RESPONSIVE
══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
@media (max-width: 991px) {
  .hero-portrait-ring { width: 220px; height: 220px; }
  .portrait-badge { display: none; }
  .about-img-secondary, .about-quote-block { display: none; }
  .pub-item { flex-wrap: wrap; }
  .pub-actions { flex-direction: row; align-items: center; width: 100%; }
}
@media (max-width: 575px) {
  section { padding: 4rem 0; }
  .hero-stats { max-width: 100%; }
  .hero-cta { flex-wrap: nowrap; gap: 0.6rem !important; }
  .hero-cta .btn { flex: 1 1 0; min-width: 0; justify-content: center; padding: 0.7rem 0.9rem; font-size: 0.85rem; white-space: nowrap; }
  .pub-type-badge { min-width: 64px; }
  .patent-header { gap: 0.5rem; }
  .social-links { justify-content: flex-start; }
}

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   SECTION PAGE HEADER  (used by /projects/, /testimonials/)
══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.section-page-header {
  padding: 9rem 0 3rem;
  background: var(--bg-2);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
  text-align: center;
}
.section-page-header .section-title { margin-top: 0.5rem; }
.section-page-header .section-sub { margin-top: 1rem; max-width: 640px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; }

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   RESEARCH PROJECTS LIST
══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.section-projects-list { padding: 5rem 0 6rem; }
.research-card {
  display: flex; flex-direction: column;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-2);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden; height: 100%;
  text-decoration: none; color: inherit !important;
  transition: transform var(--transition), border-color var(--transition), box-shadow var(--transition);
}
.research-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  border-color: var(--accent);
  box-shadow: 0 14px 40px var(--accent-glow);
}
.research-card-img {
  position: relative; aspect-ratio: 16/9;
  overflow: hidden; background: var(--bg-3);
}
.research-card-img img {
  width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform 0.6s cubic-bezier(0.4,0,0.2,1);
}
.research-card:hover .research-card-img img { transform: scale(1.06); }
.research-card-body { padding: 1.25rem 1.4rem 1.4rem; display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex: 1; }
.research-card-org {
  font-size: 0.7rem; letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent); font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
}
.research-card-title {
  font-family: var(--font-body); font-weight: 600; font-size: 1.05rem;
  margin: 0 0 0.5rem; color: var(--text); line-height: 1.35;
}
.research-card-desc { font-size: 0.85rem; color: var(--text-muted); line-height: 1.6; margin-bottom: 1rem; flex: 1; }
.research-card-link {
  font-size: 0.82rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--accent);
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px;
  transition: gap var(--transition);
}
.research-card:hover .research-card-link { gap: 11px; }

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   PROJECT SINGLE PAGE
══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.project-single-hero {
  height: 360px; margin-top: 72px;
  background-size: cover; background-position: center;
  position: relative;
}
.project-single-hero::after {
  content:''; position: absolute; inset: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, transparent 40%, var(--bg) 100%);
}
.project-single-body { padding: 2.5rem 0 5rem; max-width: 880px; }
.project-single-back {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px;
  font-size: 0.82rem; color: var(--text-muted);
  transition: color var(--transition), gap var(--transition);
}
.project-single-back:hover { color: var(--accent); gap: 10px; }
.project-single-title {
  font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 4vw, 2.6rem);
  margin: 0.4rem 0 0.5rem;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
}
.project-single-tagline { font-size: 1.05rem; color: var(--text-muted); margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.6; }
.project-single-fact {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center;
  font-size: 0.82rem; color: var(--text-faint); font-style: italic;
  background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--border-2);
  border-radius: 100px; padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
}
.project-single-content { font-size: 0.95rem; line-height: 1.8; color: var(--text-muted); }
.project-single-content h1, .project-single-content h2, .project-single-content h3, .project-single-content h4 {
  color: var(--text); margin-top: 2rem; font-family: var(--font-body); font-weight: 600;
}
.project-single-content h1 { font-size: 1.4rem; }
.project-single-content h2 { font-size: 1.2rem; }
.project-single-content h3 { font-size: 1.05rem; }
.project-single-content a { color: var(--accent); }
.project-single-content code { background: var(--surface-2); padding: 1px 5px; border-radius: 4px; font-size: 0.9em; color: var(--accent); }
@media (max-width: 767px) { .project-single-hero { height: 220px; } }

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   TESTIMONIALS LIST + SINGLE
══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.section-testimonials-list { padding: 5rem 0 6rem; }
.testimonials-empty {
  max-width: 520px; margin: 2rem auto 3rem;
  padding: 3rem 2rem;
  text-align: center;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px dashed var(--border-2);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
}
.testimonials-empty-icon {
  font-size: 2.4rem; color: var(--accent);
  opacity: 0.55; margin-bottom: 0.75rem; display: block;
}
.testimonials-empty-title {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 1.5rem; color: var(--text);
  margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
}
.testimonials-empty-text {
  font-size: 0.95rem; color: var(--text-muted);
  line-height: 1.7; margin: 0;
}
.testimonial-card {
  display: block; position: relative;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-2);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: 1.5rem 1.5rem 1.4rem;
  text-decoration: none; color: inherit !important;
  height: 100%;
  transition: transform var(--transition), border-color var(--transition), box-shadow var(--transition);
}
.testimonial-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  border-color: var(--accent);
  box-shadow: 0 14px 40px var(--accent-glow);
}
.testimonial-quote-icon {
  font-size: 2.2rem; color: var(--accent); opacity: 0.35;
  display: block; line-height: 1; margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
}
.testimonial-card-quote { font-size: 0.95rem; line-height: 1.7; color: var(--text-muted); margin-bottom: 1.2rem; font-style: italic; }
.testimonial-card-attrib { display: flex; gap: 0.85rem; align-items: center; padding-top: 1rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--border); }
.testimonial-card-avatar {
  width: 48px; height: 48px; border-radius: 50%;
  object-fit: cover; border: 2px solid var(--border-2);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}
.testimonial-card-name { font-weight: 600; color: var(--text); font-size: 0.9rem; }
.testimonial-card-role { font-size: 0.78rem; color: var(--text-muted); }
.testimonial-card-org { font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--text-faint); }

.testimonial-single { padding: 9rem 0 5rem; }
.testimonial-single-card {
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-2);
  border-left: 4px solid var(--accent);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: 2rem 2.25rem;
  margin-top: 1.5rem;
  max-width: 780px;
}
.testimonial-single-quote-icon {
  font-size: 3rem; color: var(--accent); opacity: 0.4;
  display: block; line-height: 1; margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.testimonial-single-content { font-size: 1.05rem; line-height: 1.8; color: var(--text); }
.testimonial-single-content h1, .testimonial-single-content h2, .testimonial-single-content h5 { font-family: var(--font-body); color: var(--text); }
.testimonial-single-content h5 { color: var(--text-muted); font-style: italic; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.7; font-weight: 400; }
.testimonial-single-attrib {
  display: flex; gap: 1rem; align-items: center;
  margin-top: 1.75rem; padding-top: 1.25rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
}
.testimonial-single-avatar {
  width: 64px; height: 64px; border-radius: 50%;
  object-fit: cover; border: 2px solid var(--border-2);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}
.testimonial-single-name { font-weight: 600; color: var(--text); font-size: 1.05rem; }
.testimonial-single-role { font-size: 0.85rem; color: var(--text-muted); }
.testimonial-single-org { font-size: 0.8rem; color: var(--text-faint); }
.testimonial-single-link { font-size: 0.78rem; color: var(--accent); margin-top: 4px; display: inline-flex; align-items: center; }

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   SECTION BACKGROUND PATTERNS
   Subtle grids, dots, diagonals + corner accent glows.
   Echoes hero canvas grid; theme-aware via tokens.
   ══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.section-about,
.section-experience,
.section-skills,
.section-awards,
.section-patents,
.section-projects,
.section-publications,
.section-contact {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.section-about > .container,
.section-experience > .container,
.section-skills > .container,
.section-awards > .container,
.section-patents > .container,
.section-projects > .container,
.section-publications > .container,
.section-contact > .container {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}
.section-about::before,
.section-experience::before,
.section-skills::before,
.section-awards::before,
.section-patents::before,
.section-projects::before,
.section-publications::before,
.section-contact::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  z-index: 0;
}

/* About — square grid + dual corner glows */
.section-about::before {
  background-image:
    radial-gradient(ellipse 50% 40% at 8% 0%, var(--accent-glow), transparent 60%),
    radial-gradient(ellipse 45% 35% at 96% 100%, rgba(5,150,105,0.10), transparent 60%),
    linear-gradient(var(--border) 1px, transparent 1px),
    linear-gradient(90deg, var(--border) 1px, transparent 1px);
  background-size: auto, auto, 52px 52px, 52px 52px;
}

/* Experience — diagonal hatch + right-side accent glow */
.section-experience::before {
  background-image:
    radial-gradient(ellipse 35% 60% at 100% 50%, var(--accent-glow), transparent 60%),
    repeating-linear-gradient(135deg, var(--border) 0 1px, transparent 1px 64px);
}

/* Skills — dot matrix + bottom-left teal glow */
.section-skills::before {
  background-image:
    radial-gradient(ellipse 50% 40% at 5% 100%, rgba(5,150,105,0.10), transparent 60%),
    radial-gradient(circle, var(--border-2) 1px, transparent 1.5px);
  background-size: auto, 28px 28px;
}

/* Awards — square grid + amber top-right glow */
.section-awards::before {
  background-image:
    radial-gradient(ellipse 50% 40% at 95% 0%, rgba(180,83,9,0.10), transparent 60%),
    linear-gradient(var(--border) 1px, transparent 1px),
    linear-gradient(90deg, var(--border) 1px, transparent 1px);
  background-size: auto, 52px 52px, 52px 52px;
}

/* Patents — diagonal stripes + bottom accent glow */
.section-patents::before {
  background-image:
    radial-gradient(ellipse 60% 40% at 50% 100%, var(--accent-glow), transparent 60%),
    repeating-linear-gradient(45deg, var(--border) 0 1px, transparent 1px 80px);
}

/* Projects — dots + left accent glow */
.section-projects::before {
  background-image:
    radial-gradient(ellipse 40% 50% at 0% 50%, var(--accent-glow), transparent 60%),
    radial-gradient(circle, var(--border-2) 1px, transparent 1.5px);
  background-size: auto, 32px 32px;
}

/* Publications — horizontal scan lines + top-right teal glow */
.section-publications::before {
  background-image:
    radial-gradient(ellipse 40% 50% at 100% 0%, rgba(5,150,105,0.10), transparent 60%),
    repeating-linear-gradient(0deg, var(--border) 0 1px, transparent 1px 44px);
}

/* Contact — radial burst from bottom + vertical lines */
.section-contact::before {
  background-image:
    radial-gradient(circle at 50% 100%, var(--accent-glow), transparent 65%),
    repeating-linear-gradient(90deg, var(--border) 0 1px, transparent 1px 64px);
}